Probability
Gr 11

The Grade 11 Probability module develops learners’ ability to analyse uncertain events and calculate the likelihood of outcomes using systematic mathematical reasoning. This chapter builds a deeper understanding of probability concepts introduced in earlier grades and prepares students for the more advanced probability work in Grade 12.

Learners begin by revising key terminology such as outcomes, events, sample spaces, and complementary events, before moving on to calculating theoretical probabilities. The lessons cover mutually exclusive and complementary events, Venn diagrams, two-way tables, and the use of tree diagrams to represent multi-stage events. Students also learn how to interpret real-world contexts, identify equally and unequally likely events, and apply probability rules consistently across different scenarios.

By the end of this module, learners will be able to construct sample spaces, calculate probabilities accurately, and analyse events using formal notation and diagrams—equipping them with essential reasoning skills for both senior-phase mathematics and everyday decision-making.